Hugh johnston



I (No Model.)-

H. JOHNSTON.

PLOW.

Patented Sept. 1 1896.

if? A/y A/ a/ UNITED STATES PATENT FFICE.

HUGH JOHNSTON, or TORONTO, CANADA.

PLOW.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 566,768, datedSeptember 1, 1896. Application filed an ary 20, 1894. Serial No.497,578. (N0 del-3 To all whom it may concern:

Be it known that I, HUGH JOHNSTON, residing in the city of Toronto, inthe county of York and Province of Ontario, Canada, have invented newand useful Improvements in Land-Flows, of which the following is aspecification.

The objects of my invention are to furnish a plow having an adjustableself-clearing colter leaning out from the line of the landside, to whichit is attached, andthen curving in to said line, thus bringing the pointof the colter into cooperation with the elevated guard and underscore onthe plowshare, yet retaining the important feature of the required spacefor a way of escape of obstructing matter underground, also clearingitself of collecting.obstruction aboveground. The colter being attachedto' the landside instead of to the beam and leaning outward providesroom for the draw-rod to be brought to the breast of the plow, thusmaking the most direct line of draft to the body of the plow. The draftbeing thereby removed from the beam allows the beam to be raised, whichassists in getting center adjustment of the clevis, and the beam bearinga guide-plate enabling the minute adjusting clevis to be adopted. Theturnbuckle brace rods and ratchet-wedges give portable and adjustablehandles to height of plowman.

A further object of my invention is the gage-wheel to gage the width offurrow, which travels on the inner side of furrow and avoids frictionagainst the land. Thus the introduction of my style of colter permits acontinuous chain. of novelties in my improved plow, which is plain,simple, and reasonable.

The following is a specification of the improvements on the land-plow,reference being made to the accompanying drawings, in which- Figure 1represents the moldboard side view of the plow. Fig. 2v represents. thelandside view of the same. Fig. 3 is an enlarged view in section of thebeam-head and guide-plate. Fig. at is a front View of the said beam-headand guide-plate. Fig. 5 is a front view of the guide-plate alone. Fig. 6is a separate view of the colter. Fig. 7 is a transverse sectional viewof the colter on the line C. G of Fig 6.

The following numbers shown on the figures aforesaid refer to thevarious points thereof.

Number 1 is the head of the plow, to which the moldboard 21, thelandside 22, the beam 2, the sole-plate, the plowshare 23, the drawrod10, one of the handles, and the colter 13 are fastened. The beam 2 isheld rigid in the head 1 offhe plow by means of clamps 3 and supports onits forward portion the clevis and gage-wheels 18 and 19 to regulate thedepth of plowing and width of furrow, respectively. The wheel 19 is freefrom friction with the ground, because it works on the side of thefurrow, while wheel 18 runs on the unbroken ground.- The clevis iscomposed of a cap or head-block 4, secured to the beam 2 by a pin or anyother suitable means. The under side of the cap 4: is cut away, asshown, to allow the draft-rod '10 to rise close to the beam 2. Aguide-plate 5 is adjustable to vary the depth and width of the furrow bymeans of a vertical slot 3 and a cross-slot 3, also an enlarged opening8 The guide-plate 5 is held rigid by a bolt 9 and a washer 17, also astop 6, which engages the recesses 7 in the head-block 4. The draft-rod10 has a hook on one end and passes through the opening 1.2, terminatingin the lug '11 on the head of the plow, by which the strain comes moredirect on the body of the plow.

The colter 13 is formed as shown, having its upper portion flared fromthe landside, as shown in Fig. 7, to give clearance for collectingstubble and liberty of motion to the draftrod 10. The lower portionreturns in the form of a curve until the point of the colter 13 is in adirect line with the guard and underscore 13 (the underscore having beengranted to me in a previous patent on the 16th day of August, 1887.) Thecolter 13 is adjustable on the head of the plow by means of a bolt andnut working in the slot, (indicated by dotted lines,) and also has a pin0, which enters indentation similar to the fastening described of theclevis, Fig. 4:. The colter 13 when raised and back, as shown in Fig. 2,has the point 13 back and in a line with the point and underscore 13 inwhich position it gives vent to grass, roots, and gathering substancesand guards against obstructions, such as stones and wood-knots, betweenpoint and colter, but still retains the unbroken knife-edge from thelower point of the plow to the surface of the ground. The colter 13 whendown and out, as indicated in Fig. 1, in combination with theunderscore, forms a draw or shearing cut. This form of cutting edgesevers any hard substance and is used in breaking clean tough sod orprairie land. The colter 13 may be placed in any workable positionbetween these extremes.

The handles of my improved plow are portable and can be removed at amoments notice for storage or shipping purposes, and are adjustable tosuit the height of the plowman bymeans of serrated wedges 20 andbracerods 16, having turnbuckles 16. The bracerods 16 are one continuousrod terminating in the handles, with the exception of the brake for theturnbuckles 16, while the center is bent short and dropped in the hook15 on the head 1 of the plow.

Having fully described my invention, what I claim as new, and desire tosecure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a plow a colter having the form of an inverted letter U its centerportion flared out from the landside and its head or rear portionattached adjustable thereto in a line with the thrust, and the outer orforward portion drawn to a knife-edge, which as shown has anextremely-slanting draw out; substantially as herein set forth.

2. In a plow the combination of a colter and guard and underscore, saidcolter having the form of an inverted U its center portion flared outfrom the landside, its head or rear portion attached adjustable theretoin a line with the thrust, and the outer or forward portion drawn to aknife-edge, which as shown has an extremely-slanting draw out.

3. In a plow the combination of a colter with the draft-rod, the colterhaving the form of an inverted U its center portion flared out from thelandside and its rear portion attached adjustable thereto, whichdraft-rod is attached to the breast of the plow; substantially as hereinset forth.

4. In a plow the combination with the plowbeam having a perforated orhoney-combed head, of a cross-slotted guide-plate with inner cornersrounded at the junction of slots

